[Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical surgery in pregnant patient with invasive cervical cancer: case report and literature review]. / Quimioterapia neoadjuvante seguida de cirurgia radical em paciente grávida com câncer de colo de útero: relato de caso e revisão de literatura.

The treatment options for pregnant patients with invasive cervical cancer (ICC) depend on gestational age, clinical stage and the patient's wishes. Some authors have reported cases of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical surgery in these patients. The aim of this paper was to revisit this subject and to add a new case and review the literature. We report the case of a 30 year-old woman in the 24th week of gestation. She was diagnosed with ICC (squamous cell carcinoma grade 2), stage IIB (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics - FIGO). Nulliparous, the patient refused to interrupt the pregnancy. After meticulous counseling, the patient accepted treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (cisplatin 75 mg/m² and vincristine 1 mg/m²) and subsequent evaluation of radical surgery concomitant to a cesarean section. Four complete cycles of chemotherapy were administered without delays or significant adverse effects. A few days before the date scheduled for surgery, the patient was admitted in advanced labor (37th week of gestation). Due to tumor clinical response, the obstetric team decided to monitor the labor, and the patient gave birth to a male newborn (2,450 g) uneventfully. Radical surgery was performed three days after birth, and histopathology analysis revealed carcinoma confined to the cervix without lymphatic involvement. Mother and son are in good general condition 12 months after delivery. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy during the second or third trimester of pregnancy appears to be a safe option for patients who do not wish to interrupt a pregnancy while awaiting fetal maturity. However, additional studies are needed to confirm the prognosis and assure the safety of newborns and patients.

Quimioterapia neoadjuvante seguida de cirurgia radical em paciente grávida com câncer de colo de útero: relato de caso e revisão de literatura / Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical surgery in pregnant patient with invasive cervical cancer: case report and literature review

Em pacientes grávidas portadoras de câncer de colo de útero (CCU), as opções terapêuticas dependem da idade gestacional, do estágio clínico e do desejo da paciente. Alguns autores relataram casos de quimioterapia neoadjuvante seguidos de cirurgia radical nessas pacientes. O objetivo deste artigo foi revisitar o assunto, adicionar um novo caso e revisar a literatura. Relatamos o caso de uma mulher de 30 anos, na 24ª semana de gestação, que teve diagnóstico de câncer de colo de útero (carcinoma escamoso grau II), estágio IIB (Federação Internacional de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia - FIGO). Nulípara, a paciente recusou a interrupção da gravidez. Após meticuloso esclarecimento, a paciente aceitou tratamento com quimioterapia neoadjuvante com cisplatina 75 mg/m² e vincristina 1 mg/m², além de posterior avaliação de cirurgia radical e parto cirúrgico concomitantes. Quatros ciclos completos de quimioterapia foram administrados sem atrasos ou efeitos adversos importantes. Poucos dias antes da data programada para a cirurgia, a paciente foi admitida em trabalho de parto na 37ª semana de gestação. Devido à resposta clínica completa do tumor, a equipe obstétrica optou por monitorar o trabalho de parto, e a paciente deu à luz um recém-nascido de 2.450 g, sem intercorrências. A cirurgia radical foi realizada três dias após o parto, e a análise histopatológica revelou carcinoma confinado ao colo sem envolvimento linfonodal. Mãe e filho se encontram em bom estado geral 12 meses após o parto. Quimioterapia baseada em cisplatina durante o segundo ou terceiro trimestre da gravidez parece ser uma opção para as pacientes que não desejam a interrupção da gravidez enquanto se aguarda a maturidade fetal. Entretanto, estudos adicionais são necessários para confirmar o prognóstico e a segurança dos recém-nascidos e das pacientes.

The treatment options for pregnant patients with invasive cervical cancer (ICC) depend on gestational age, clinical stage and the patient's wishes. Some authors have reported cases of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical surgery in these patients. The aim of this paper was to revisit this subject and to add a new case and review the literature. We report the case of a 30 year-old woman in the 24th week of gestation. She was diagnosed with ICC (squamous cell carcinoma grade 2), stage IIB (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics - FIGO). Nulliparous, the patient refused to interrupt the pregnancy. After meticulous counseling, the patient accepted treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (cisplatin 75 mg/m² and vincristine 1 mg/m²) and subsequent evaluation of radical surgery concomitant to a cesarean section. Four complete cycles of chemotherapy were administered without delays or significant adverse effects. A few days before the date scheduled for surgery, the patient was admitted in advanced labor (37th week of gestation). Due to tumor clinical response, the obstetric team decided to monitor the labor, and the patient gave birth to a male newborn (2,450 g) uneventfully. Radical surgery was performed three days after birth, and histopathology analysis revealed carcinoma confined to the cervix without lymphatic involvement. Mother and son are in good general condition 12 months after delivery. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy during the second or third trimester of pregnancy appears to be a safe option for patients who do not wish to interrupt a pregnancy while awaiting fetal maturity. However, additional studies are needed to confirm the prognosis and assure the safety of newborns and patients.

[Epidemiology and economic impact of cervical cancer in Roraima, a Northern state of Brazil: the public health system perspective]. / Epidemiologia e impacto econômico do câncer de colo de útero no Estado de Roraima: a perspectiva do SUS.

PURPOSE: to evaluate the incidence and direct economic impact of cervical cancer (CC) in Roraima, in 2009, and to analyze the epidemiological profile of patients with this disease. METHODS: the histopathologic reports issued in Roraima in 2009 were reviewed, as were hospital records of female patients under treatment for cancer. Clinical data and medical procedures related to CC were recorded. CC carriers were treated under expenses of the public Brazilian health system (SUS) in Roraima underwent an interview dealing with socio-economic topics. RESULTS: we registered 90 cases of CC and high grade pre-invasive lesions. Roraima has the highest incidence of CC of Brazil (46.21 cases/100,000 women), which is 3 times higher than that of breast cancer, comparable to low-income developing countries. The epidemiological profile shows patients with economic deprivation, social disadvantage, low education, early first intercourse (mean age is 13.8 years), and high parity (medium of 5.5 gestations). Among the patients included in this report, 71.7% had never been submited to a Pap smear, and ignorance about it was the main reported reason (47.4%). As a public health problem, the management of CC generates direct annual expenditures of more than R$ 600,000, with an average cost per patient of R$ 8,711. CONCLUSIONS: CC is the most common cancer among women from Roraima, and represents a serious public health problem in Roraima. Its high economic impact favors the implementation of preventive strategies from the standpoint of cost-effectiveness. The profile of patients reveals the ineffectiveness of preventive services in reaching patients with a socio-economic exclusion profile at high risk for cervical cancer.

Epidemiologia e impacto econômico do câncer de colo de útero no Estado de Roraima: a perspectiva do SUS / Epidemiology and economic impact of cervical cancer in Roraima, a Northern state of Brazil: the public health system perspective

OBJETIVO: avaliar a incidência e o impacto econômico direto do câncer de colo de útero (CCU) em Roraima, no ano de 2009, e analisar o perfil epidemiológico e socioeconômico das pacientes portadoras dessa doença. MÉTODOS: os laudos histopatológicos emitidos em Roraima em 2009 foram revisados, assim como os prontuários de pacientes femininas em tratamento oncológico. Foram registrados dados clínicos e procedimentos médicos (terapêuticos e diagnósticos) realizados em pacientes portadoras de CCU no único centro de tratamento oncológico do Estado de Roraima. Portadoras de CCU tratadas no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) de Roraima foram submetidas a entrevista abordando temas socioeconômicos e fatores de risco. RESULTADOS: registramos 90 casos de CCU e lesões pré-malignas de alto grau. Roraima possui a maior incidência de CCU do Brasil (46,21 casos/100.000 mulheres), sendo 3 vezes mais incidente que o de mama e comparável a países subdesenvolvidos de baixa renda. O perfil epidemiológico revela pacientes com privação econômica, socialmente desfavorecidas, baixa escolaridade, sexarca precoce (média de 13,8 anos), multiparidade (média de 5,5 gestações). Das pacientes estudadas, 71,7 por cento nunca haviam realizado o teste de Papanicolaou, e o desconhecimento foi o motivo mais relatado (47,4 por cento). Como problema de saúde pública, o manejo do CCU gera gastos anuais diretos de mais de R$ 600 mil, com custo médio por paciente de R$ 8.711,00. CONCLUSÕES: o CCU é o câncer mais incidente em mulheres roraimenses e um grave problema de saúde pública no Estado. Seu elevado impacto econômico favorece a implantação de medidas preventivas do ponto de vista de custo-efetividade. O perfil da pacientes revela a ineficiência dos serviços preventivos em alcançar pacientes com perfil de exclusão socioeconômico e alto risco para o câncer de colo uterino.

PURPOSE: to evaluate the incidence and direct economic impact of cervical cancer (CC) in Roraima, in 2009, and to analyze the epidemiological profile of patients with this disease. METHODS: the histopathologic reports issued in Roraima in 2009 were reviewed, as were hospital records of female patients under treatment for cancer. Clinical data and medical procedures related to CC were recorded. CC carriers were treated under expenses of the public Brazilian health system (SUS) in Roraima underwent an interview dealing with socio-economic topics. RESULTS: we registered 90 cases of CC and high grade pre-invasive lesions. Roraima has the highest incidence of CC of Brazil (46.21 cases/100,000 women), which is 3 times higher than that of breast cancer, comparable to low-income developing countries. The epidemiological profile shows patients with economic deprivation, social disadvantage, low education, early first intercourse (mean age is 13.8 years), and high parity (medium of 5.5 gestations). Among the patients included in this report, 71.7 percent had never been submited to a Pap smear, and ignorance about it was the main reported reason (47.4 percent). As a public health problem, the management of CC generates direct annual expenditures of more than R$ 600,000, with an average cost per patient of R$ 8,711. CONCLUSIONS: CC is the most common cancer among women from Roraima, and represents a serious public health problem in Roraima. Its high economic impact favors the implementation of preventive strategies from the standpoint of cost-effectiveness. The profile of patients reveals the ineffectiveness of preventive services in reaching patients with a socio-economic exclusion profile at high risk for cervical cancer.